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网投彩票2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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海南专家提醒:孩子“阳康”后 仍需做好防护措施******

  海南日报记者 马珂

  怎么判断自己的孩子是否痊愈?会不会“复阳”或者“二次感染”?孩子“阳康”以后要注意什么?要不要做肺部CT?为什么孩子还会咳嗽、犯困?多久孩子才能洗澡、运动?这些问题都是许多家长担心的问题。1月9日,海南日报记者采访海南省妇女儿童医学中心儿童感染科主任林道炯解答这些热点问题。

  怎么判断自己的孩子是否痊愈?

  林道炯表示,孩子“阳”后,满足以下条件就是痊愈了。第一,体温恢复正常3天以上;第二,症状基本消失或明显好转;第三,有肺炎症状的,在复查CT时,显示肺炎病灶已经明显吸收;第四,孩子连续2天核酸检测阴性,或者Ct值≥35,或者连续3次抗原阴性。

  孩子会不会“复阳”或者“二次感染”?

  林道炯称,感染一次新冠病毒后,人体形成的免疫力会起到一定的保护作用。但奥密克戎可能快速变异出新的亚分支,出现较强的免疫逃逸能力,儿童康复者不能完全避免二次感染。不过,目前数据显示,感染过奥密克戎,不管有无症状,3至6个月内二次感染的概率相当低,多数人在相当长时间内不会重复感染奥密克戎。孩子“阳康”了后,有可能会出现二次感染的情况。由于新型冠状病毒是感染性疾病里,传染性很强的一种急性呼吸道传染病,主要是通过飞沫、接触传播等途径传播。如果有可能是二次感染等情况,一定要做好检查。所以孩子“阳康”了后,一定不能掉以轻心,少去人群聚集的地方,出门必须戴好口罩以及勤洗手、多通风等,继续做好防护措施。

  “复阳”是指感染者在同一感染周期中两次出现阳性结果,与二次感染不同。“复阳”应该叫再检出,实际上病毒核酸还持续存在,只是因为检测方法和采样方法及排毒的间歇性,导致“时阳时阴”的情况,是否“复阳”应该用核酸检测作为标准。从传染性来看,既往大量研究并没有在“复阳”的病人体内分离到病毒,也没有发现其导致病毒进一步传播。从危害性来看,“复阳”的人群基本没有症状,只是核酸阳性,个别患儿会出现咳嗽等残留症状。

  孩子“阳康”要不要做肺部CT?

  林道炯表示,绝大多数“阳”的小孩是轻型或普通型的,可表现为发热、乏力、鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽等上呼吸道感染症状,并无涉及到肺部。因而,无需特别检查肺部。

  对于部分患者,特别是有基础疾病,如老年人,慢阻肺、支气管疾病、肺癌、心衰、肾衰的患者,要特别小心,可能会出现危重症,这时候需要做肺部CT。而孩子“阳康”后无需特别检查肺部。

  孩子“阳康”后为什么还会咳嗽?

  林道炯表示,咳嗽是“阳”了最常见的症状之一,平均持续时间2周左右,症状会逐渐减轻。有些孩子咳嗽持续时间可长达3周。单纯气道炎症引起的咳嗽,一般会逐渐减轻。“阳康”之后咳嗽也会持续一段时间,咳嗽持续并不代表新冠病毒感染在加重。

  所以一般“阳康”后孩子咳嗽并不需要担心,持续时间长久的,可以去医院检查治疗。

  孩子多久才能洗澡、运动?

  “阳康”后,孩子身体还在处于恢复阶段,所以不建议马上洗澡,可以先洗头发,及时用吹风机吹干头发或者用热毛巾擦擦身体。

  “阳”过的小孩都经历过高烧,出汗,身体消耗很多能量,多给孩子身体恢复的时间。

  另外,林道炯提醒,小孩子一般都好动,但是家长可以叮嘱不要剧烈运动,适当运动对小孩康复有益处。

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